Help with bills

What you can claim, and whether you actually qualify.

35 grants, discounts and protections, each with the conditions written out plainly so you can tell from your own kitchen table whether you are in or out. Every one says which of the four nations it covers, because a scheme that does not exist where you live is worse than no scheme at all.

There is no single service that tells you everything you can claim. Gov.uk does not run a full calculator of its own, and the screening tool it does run says outright that it does not include all the ways you can get help. Nothing covers your water company's social tariff, your energy supplier's hardship fund or your own council's crisis scheme. That is why this page exists, and it is also why you should still ring a free adviser once you have read it.
Where you live
Your situation

Start hereGas and electricityWaterCouncil tax and ratesBroadband and mobileNHS costsChildcareTV licenceGetting aboutIf you are already behind

Start here

The three things worth doing before anything else, because they open doors to everything below.

Pension Credit

Department for Work and Pensions

Tops you up to £238 a week single, or £363.25 for a couple, for 2026 to 2027

Open all year, and it can be backdated three months.

Can you claim it?

  • You are over State Pension age.
  • Your weekly income is below £238 single or £363.25 as a couple. Pension Credit tops you up to that line.
  • You can still qualify with savings, other income, or if you own your home.
  • There are extra amounts on top: £86.05 a week for severe disability, £48.15 for a carer, and amounts for children.

How to claim

Apply online, or ring 0800 99 1234, or post it Freepost. You can start four months before you reach State Pension age.

Pension Credit, gov.uk →

Worth knowing

  • This is the most valuable thing on the whole page, because of what comes with it rather than the money itself. Pension Credit opens the door to Housing Benefit, Council Tax Reduction, the Warm Home Discount, Cold Weather Payments, a free TV licence at 75, help with NHS dental costs, glasses and hospital travel, and Support for Mortgage Interest.
  • Even £1 a week of Pension Credit unlocks the lot. That is why it is worth claiming for a small amount.
  • Up to 910,000 families who qualify are not claiming it, leaving up to £2.5 billion unclaimed and an average of around £2,600 a year each. Those are DWP's own figures for the year to March 2024, published in October 2025.
  • Savings Credit is only open to people who reached State Pension age before April 2016.
Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandYesNorthern IrelandYes

Checked against: Pension Credit, gov.uk · Benefit and pension rates 2026 to 2027, DWP · Income related benefits, estimates of take up, DWP

Crisis and Resilience Fund

Your council, funded by government

Varies by council crisis payments and housing payments, set locally

Live since 1 April 2026, running to 31 March 2029.

Can you claim it?

  • You are a low income household that has hit a financial shock.
  • Crisis payments are not limited to people on benefits. Councils set their own definition of low income.
  • Housing payments do require entitlement to Housing Benefit or Universal Credit.

How to claim

Apply to your own council. Every council in England has to run a scheme that accepts applications all year round, with at least two ways to apply, so online, by phone or in person.

Crisis and Resilience Fund guidance, gov.uk →

Worth knowing

  • This replaced the Household Support Fund on 1 April 2026 and absorbed Discretionary Housing Payments into the same grant. If you are looking for the Household Support Fund, this is where it went.
  • £1 billion across the three years. What you can actually get is entirely down to your own council.
  • Because councils decide the rules, being refused in one area does not mean you would be refused in another, and it does not mean you were wrong to ask.
Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesNoScotlandNoNorthern IrelandNo

England only. Scotland has the Scottish Welfare Fund and Wales has the Discretionary Assistance Fund.

Checked against: Crisis and Resilience Fund guidance, gov.uk · £1 billion resilience fund, gov.uk

Checking what you are entitled to

Three calculators listed by gov.uk

Free and worth an hour of anybody's time

Open all year.

Can you claim it?

  • Anybody can use them. They cover income related benefits, contribution based benefits, Universal Credit, Council Tax Reduction and Carer's Allowance.
  • They will not give you an accurate answer if you are under 18, a student, a prisoner, on strike, living outside the United Kingdom, in permanent residential care, or not a British or Irish citizen. Gov.uk says so itself.

How to claim

Gov.uk lists three: entitledto, Turn2us and Policy in Practice. Run more than one, because they do not always agree.

Benefits calculators, gov.uk →

Worth knowing

  • There is no single official service that tells you everything you are entitled to. Gov.uk does not run a full calculator of its own, and its own screening tool says outright that it does not include all the ways you can get help.
  • No calculator can tell you what your own council's Council Tax Reduction scheme will give you in England, because every council writes its own.
  • None of them cover your water company's social tariff, your energy supplier's hardship fund or your council's crisis scheme, so check those separately.
  • Policy in Practice put unclaimed support at £24.1 billion a year across more than 7.5 million households in September 2025. That is not an official figure, but it is the most credible estimate there is.
Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandYesNorthern IrelandYes

Checked against: Benefits calculators, gov.uk · Check what benefits you can get, gov.uk · Missing Out 2025, Policy in Practice

Gas and electricity

The biggest bill, and the one with the most help behind it.

Warm Home Discount

Set by government, applied by your electricity supplier

£150 taken off your electricity bill. The money is not paid to you.

Closed right now. It reopens in October 2026.

23 Aug 26, that date has gone. The qualifying date for this winter has already passed. If you were on a qualifying benefit that day you are in, even if you claimed nothing since.

Can you claim it?

  • You were getting Pension Credit, Universal Credit, Housing Benefit or income related Employment and Support Allowance on 23 August 2026.
  • Your name or your partner's name is on the electricity bill.
  • Your supplier takes part in the scheme. The large suppliers all do.

How to claim

In England and Wales you do not apply. Suppliers are told who qualifies and the discount appears on the bill. If you think you qualify and hear nothing by the time the scheme reopens, ring the Warm Home Discount helpline before contacting your supplier.

Warm Home Discount, gov.uk →

Worth knowing

  • The qualifying date was 23 August 2026, which has gone. Being on a benefit now but not then does not qualify you for this winter.
  • It is a credit against your electricity account, so it does not help with gas or with anything else.
Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandNoNorthern IrelandNo

Scotland runs a separate scheme with an application route, listed just below. Northern Ireland has no Warm Home Discount at all.

Checked against: Warm Home Discount Scheme, gov.uk · Eligibility statement, England and Wales, 2026 to 2027

Warm Home Discount in Scotland

Scottish Government rules, applied by your electricity supplier

£150 off your electricity bill

Closed right now. It reopens in October 2026.

Can you claim it?

  • Core group, which is automatic: you or your partner get Pension Credit, or extra Universal Credit because of a disability or health condition, or a disability or pensioner premium with income related Employment and Support Allowance or a Support for Mortgage Interest loan.
  • Broader group, which is not automatic: you get certain means tested benefits, your supplier is in the scheme, and your name or your partner's is on the electricity bill.
  • Your supplier may add conditions of its own on top.

How to claim

If you are in the core group it is applied for you. If you are in the broader group you must apply to your electricity supplier yourself once the scheme reopens in October. This is the single biggest difference from England and Wales and the reason Scottish households miss out.

Warm Home Discount in Scotland, gov.uk →

Worth knowing

  • In England and Wales nobody applies. In Scotland a large group has to, and funding is limited, so applying late can mean missing out even when you qualify.
Where it appliesEnglandNoWalesNoScotlandYesNorthern IrelandNo

This is the Scottish scheme. England and Wales work differently and are covered separately.

Checked against: If you live in Scotland, gov.uk · Ofgem, Warm Home Discount eligibility

Winter Fuel Payment

Department for Work and Pensions

£100 to £300 depending on your age and who you live with

Qualifying week is 21 to 27 September 2026.

21 Sep 26, in 26 days. Qualifying week runs 21 to 27 September 2026. Where you live and who you live with during that week decides what you get.

Can you claim it?

  • You were born on or before 27 June 1960.
  • You live in England, Wales or Northern Ireland during the qualifying week of 21 to 27 September 2026.
  • You do not need to be on any benefit. This is the thing most sites still get wrong.

How to claim

Almost nobody applies. A letter comes in October or November saying how much you will get, and payment lands in November or December 2026.

Winter Fuel Payment, gov.uk →

Your situationAmount
Living alone, born 28 Sept 1946 to 27 June 1960£200
Living alone, born before 28 Sept 1946£300
With another eligible person, both born 28 Sept 1946 to 27 June 1960£100 each
With another eligible person, both born before 28 Sept 1946£150 each
On Pension Credit, Universal Credit or ESA, born 28 Sept 1946 to 27 June 1960£200
On Pension Credit, Universal Credit or ESA, born before 28 Sept 1946£300
In a care home, born 28 Sept 1946 to 27 June 1960£100
In a care home, born before 28 Sept 1946£150

Worth knowing

  • If your own income is over £35,000 HMRC takes the payment back through the tax system. Your partner's income does not count towards that.
  • You can opt out instead of having it clawed back.
  • It is not gated on Pension Credit any more. Plenty of sites still say it is.
Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandNoNorthern IrelandYes

Scotland has its own Pension Age Winter Heating Payment instead, covered separately.

Checked against: Winter Fuel Payment, gov.uk · How much you will get, gov.uk · Winter Fuel Payment, nidirect

Pension Age Winter Heating Payment

Social Security Scotland

£105.55 to £316.70 depending on your age and who you live with

Qualifying week is 21 to 27 September 2026.

19 Oct 26, in about 2 months. Midday on 19 October 2026 is the deadline to opt out if you would rather not receive it.

Can you claim it?

  • You reached State Pension age by 27 September 2026, meaning born before 27 June 1960.
  • You live in Scotland during the qualifying week of 21 to 27 September 2026.

How to claim

Most people get it automatically and letters go out from November 2026. A small number have to apply.

Pension Age Winter Heating Payment, mygov.scot →

Your situationAmount
Living alone, aged 66 years 3 months to 79£211.15
Living alone, aged 80 or over£316.70
Living with someone not eligible, both 66 to 79£105.55
Living with someone not eligible, both 80 or over£158.35
Joint award, both 66 to 79£211.15
Joint award, one or both 80 or over£316.70
In residential care, 66 to 79£105.55
In residential care, 80 or over£158.35

Worth knowing

  • Same as the rest of the United Kingdom, income over £35,000 means HMRC takes it back.
  • Around 879,000 Scottish pensioners qualify.
Where it appliesEnglandNoWalesNoScotlandYesNorthern IrelandNo

This replaced the Winter Fuel Payment in Scotland.

Checked against: How much you might be paid, mygov.scot · Social Security Scotland, July 2026

Cold Weather Payment

Department for Work and Pensions

£25 for each seven day cold spell

Paid only when the weather triggers it, so a mild winter can pay nothing.

Can you claim it?

  • You get Pension Credit, income related Employment and Support Allowance, Universal Credit or Support for Mortgage Interest.
  • Each of those carries an extra condition, usually a child under 5, a disability or pensioner premium, or limited capability for work.
  • The average temperature where you live is recorded or forecast at zero degrees or below for seven days running.

How to claim

Automatic. There is nothing to apply for.

Cold Weather Payment, gov.uk →

Worth knowing

  • It is triggered by your postcode's weather station, not by how cold your house is.
  • In a mild winter it pays nothing at all, which is the whole reason Scotland moved to a fixed payment.

What we could not verify. The 2026 to 2027 season dates for England and Wales are not published. Northern Ireland has confirmed 1 November 2026 to 31 March 2027. We are not assuming England and Wales match until gov.uk says so.

Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandNoNorthern IrelandYes

Scotland replaced this with a single guaranteed Winter Heating Payment, covered separately.

Checked against: Cold Weather Payment, gov.uk · Cold Weather Payment, nidirect

Winter Heating Payment

Social Security Scotland

£62 once a year, whatever the weather does

Paid from December.

Can you claim it?

  • You get Universal Credit, Pension Credit, Income Support, income based Jobseeker's Allowance, income related Employment and Support Allowance or Support for Mortgage Interest.
  • Each carries an extra condition such as a child under 5, a disability or severe disability premium, or the limited capability for work element.

How to claim

Automatic. It shows on a bank statement as WHP.

Winter Heating Payment, mygov.scot →

Worth knowing

  • Unlike the Cold Weather Payment it does not depend on the temperature, so it pays every year.
  • Scotland still counts Income Support and income based Jobseeker's Allowance, which gov.uk no longer lists for the Cold Weather Payment.

What we could not verify. The £62 figure is what mygov.scot describes as the next payment, on a page last updated in February 2026. The qualifying week for 2026 to 2027 is not yet published, so we are not stating one.

Where it appliesEnglandNoWalesNoScotlandYesNorthern IrelandNo

Scotland's replacement for the Cold Weather Payment.

Checked against: Winter Heating Payment, mygov.scot

Priority Services Register

Every energy supplier and every network operator, required by Ofgem

Free it is help rather than money, and it costs nothing

Open all year. You can join today.

Can you claim it?

  • You have reached State Pension age.
  • You are pregnant or have young children.
  • You have a disability or a long term medical condition, including mental health conditions and anything needing medical equipment.
  • You are recovering from an injury or a hospital stay, recently bereaved, or recently lost your job.
  • You have difficulty with English.
  • Temporary situations count. You do not have to be permanently in one of these groups.

How to claim

Contact your energy supplier and your network operator. They keep separate registers, so joining one does not put you on the other. You can do it online, by phone or in writing.

Priority Services Register, Ofgem →

Worth knowing

  • It gives you no money and no discount. What it gives you is advance warning of power cuts, priority in an emergency, bills in large print or braille, a nominated person to deal with your account, help moving a prepayment meter you cannot safely reach, and free meter readings.
  • Being on it also makes it far harder for a supplier to move you to a prepayment meter against your will.
Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandYesNorthern IrelandYes

Checked against: Priority Services Register, Ofgem

British Gas Energy Trust

An independent charity funded by British Gas

A grant against energy debt paid to your energy account, not to you

Open now.

Can you claim it?

  • You live in England, Scotland or Wales.
  • Household income under £20,328, or you qualify through disability or carer benefits, or you have three or more children.
  • You owe between £250 and £1,700 if you pay in arrears, or between £50 and £1,700 on a prepayment meter.
  • You have had money advice from an agency, or used the Trust's own budgeting tool, in the last six months.
  • You have not had a grant from the Trust in the last two years.
  • The energy account is in your name at your address.

How to claim

Apply online. You will need the money advice or the budgeting tool done first, so start there.

British Gas Energy Trust grants →

Worth knowing

  • This is the one supplier fund open to customers of any energy supplier, not just British Gas. Most of the others are for their own customers only.
  • The separate British Gas Energy Support Fund is closed.

What we could not verify. The Trust's own homepage says grants of up to £2,000 while its grants page gives an upper debt threshold of £1,700. We are not publishing a maximum award until the Trust resolves that.

Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandYesNorthern IrelandNo

England, Scotland and Wales only.

Checked against: British Gas Energy Trust

Your own supplier's hardship fund

Individual energy suppliers, several administered by Charis

Varies usually a credit against energy debt, sometimes a replacement appliance

EDF and E.ON Next funds are open now.

Can you claim it?

  • You are a customer of that supplier. Unlike the British Gas Energy Trust, these are almost always closed to everyone else.
  • You are in energy debt and cannot clear it.
  • You have taken independent debt advice first. EDF and ScottishPower both require this before you apply.

How to claim

Go to your own supplier's fund. EDF and E.ON Next both apply through Charis. ScottishPower applies through Sigma Connected. Octopus runs Octo Assist for its own customers.

Open supplier funds, Charis →

Worth knowing

  • Some funds also replace a broken fridge or cooker, not just clear debt.
  • Several supplier funds have closed. Check the fund is open before spending time on an application.

What we could not verify. We are not publishing award limits for the EDF, E.ON Next, ScottishPower or Octopus funds because none of them publishes one we could verify.

What we could not verify. We found no official OVO page for a customer fund, so we make no claim about one.

Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandYesNorthern IrelandNot established

Checked against: Charis, funds open now · ScottishPower Hardship Fund

Fuel Direct, paying energy arrears from benefits

Department for Work and Pensions

A fixed deduction taken from your benefit and paid to the supplier

Open all year.

Can you claim it?

  • You get Pension Credit, income related Employment and Support Allowance or Universal Credit.
  • You are in arrears with gas or electricity.

How to claim

Ask your energy supplier to request it. You cannot set it up directly with DWP yourself, though you can ask for it to be arranged.

Third party deductions guidance, gov.uk →

Worth knowing

  • On Universal Credit the arrears deduction is 5% of the standard allowance, and an extra amount for ongoing use can be added on top.
  • Only three third party deductions can run at once.
  • It stops disconnection and enforcement, but it is money coming out of a benefit that is already tight. Take debt advice before agreeing to it.
Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandYesNorthern IrelandYes

Checked against: Guide for fuel suppliers, gov.uk

Affordable Warmth Scheme

Northern Ireland Housing Executive with councils

Up to £7,500 up to £10,000 for a solid wall property

Open now.

Can you claim it?

  • You live in Northern Ireland.
  • You own and live in the property as your main home, or you rent from a private landlord.
  • Total gross household income is under £23,000 a year.
  • Social housing tenants, holiday homes and commercial properties do not qualify.

How to claim

Through the NI Energy Advice Service on 0800 111 44 55. Eligibility is checked first, then a form with proof of ownership or tenancy, occupancy and income.

Affordable Warmth Scheme, NIHE →

Worth knowing

  • It pays for insulation, ventilation, heating replacement and windows rather than for your bill.
  • Work is done in priority order, so you may not get everything you ask for.

This is changing. The scheme ends in March 2028 and is being replaced by the Warm Healthy Homes Fund.

Where it appliesEnglandNoWalesNoScotlandNoNorthern IrelandYes

Northern Ireland only.

Checked against: Affordable Warmth Scheme, NIHE · Warm Healthy Homes Fund, Communities NI

Water

You cannot switch water company, so the only help is your own company's.

WaterSure

Your water company, under a statutory scheme in England

Your bill capped at your own company's average household bill, so there is no single national figure

Open all year.

Can you claim it?

  • You are on a water meter, or you have applied for one and are waiting.
  • Somebody in the household gets a qualifying benefit, which usually means Universal Credit, Pension Credit or Housing Benefit, though company lists differ.
  • And either you get Child Benefit for three or more children under 19, or somebody in the household has a medical condition that means you use a lot of extra water.
  • All three have to be true at once. Two out of three is not enough.

How to claim

Apply direct to your own water company. There is no central application and no government form.

What is WaterSure, CCW →

Worth knowing

  • Qualifying conditions for extra water use include an abdominal stoma, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, flaky or weeping skin conditions, incontinence and home dialysis. The list is not closed and companies must consider others.
  • WaterSure Wales already counts Attendance Allowance, Disability Living Allowance and Personal Independence Payment, which England will not until 2027.

This is changing. Reform comes into force in England in early 2027. It widens eligibility to people on Disability Living Allowance, Attendance Allowance or Personal Independence Payment with household income under £25,745, caps single occupant bills at the average one person bill, and removes the need to pay for a doctor's note. None of that is in force yet.

What we could not verify. There is no national cap figure to publish. Each company sets it at its own average bill, so the only accurate number is your own company's.

Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesWorks differentlyScotlandNoNorthern IrelandNo

Wales runs WaterSure Wales, with wider eligibility. Scotland and Northern Ireland do not have separate water bills, so the scheme does not apply.

Checked against: What is WaterSure, CCW · WaterSure reform, gov.uk

Your water company's social tariff

Each water company, on its own terms

Roughly 15% to 99% off the range across companies, and it varies enormously

Open all year.

Can you claim it?

  • You are on a low income. Thresholds run from roughly £17,000 to £30,000 depending on the company.
  • Some companies test whether your water bill is more than a set share of your income rather than using a flat threshold.
  • You cannot switch water company, so the only scheme available to you is your own company's.

How to claim

Find your company, then go to its own help with your bill page and apply there. The schemes have different names: WaterHelp at Thames, the Big Difference Scheme at Severn Trent, WaterSupport at Yorkshire, Help to Pay and the Low Income Water Discount at United Utilities, HelpU at Welsh Water.

Help with water bills, CCW →

Worth knowing

  • Companies are not legally required to offer one. Every company does, but it is a power rather than a duty, so the terms are theirs to set.
  • Several have to be reapplied for every year, and people fall off them by forgetting.
  • Roughly 3.8 million households are estimated to be missing a water discount they could have, which makes this one of the most underclaimed things on this page.
Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandNoNorthern IrelandNo

England and Wales. Scotland and Northern Ireland do not bill households separately for water.

Checked against: Help with bills, CCW · Water companies list, CCW

Water Direct

Department for Work and Pensions with your water company

A fixed deduction taken from your benefit and paid to the water company

Open all year.

Can you claim it?

  • You get Pension Credit, income related Employment and Support Allowance or Universal Credit.
  • You are already in arrears with your water company.

How to claim

You or your water company can ask for it. Several companies list it on their own support pages, so asking them is usually quicker.

Guide for water suppliers, gov.uk →

Worth knowing

  • It covers the arrears and an estimated amount for ongoing use, so the deduction is larger than the debt alone.
  • A maximum of three deductions can run at once, and your consent is needed once total deductions pass a quarter of your benefit.
Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandNoNorthern IrelandNo

Checked against: Guide for water suppliers, gov.uk

Water company charitable trusts

Independent charities funded by the water companies

A grant against water debt and in some cases other priority debts too

Varies by company.

Can you claim it?

  • You live in that company's area.
  • You cannot afford your water charges.
  • Some trusts require arrears within a range and at least one other priority debt such as rent, council tax or energy.

How to claim

Apply to the trust for your own area. Severn Trent Trust Fund and Yorkshire Water Community Trust both take applications directly. United Utilities and Thames run their own funds.

Help with bills, CCW →

Worth knowing

  • Not every company has one, so check yours rather than assuming.
  • Some trusts will help with debts other than water, which makes them more useful than they first appear.
Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandNoNorthern IrelandNo

Checked against: Severn Trent Trust Fund · Yorkshire Water, help paying your bill

Scottish water charge reduction

Scottish Water, applied by your council

Up to 35% off your water and waste water charges

Applied automatically with Council Tax Reduction.

Can you claim it?

  • You get Council Tax Reduction. Full entitlement gets the full 35%.
  • A council tax exemption carries across to water and waste water too.
  • The single person discount and the disabled band reduction both apply to water charges as well.

How to claim

Nothing to apply for separately. It follows your Council Tax Reduction automatically.

Scottish Water household charges 2026 to 2027 →

Worth knowing

  • The 35% is a total ceiling, not an extra. If you already get the 25% single person discount on your water charges, the most you can get on top is a further 10%.
  • Charges are set by council tax band, from £434.88 at band A to £1,304.64 at band H for 2026 to 2027.
Where it appliesEnglandNoWalesNoScotlandYesNorthern IrelandNo

Scotland only. There is no separate water bill; charges come with your council tax.

Checked against: Scottish Water unmetered charges 2026 to 2027 · Water charges and exemptions, gov.scot

Council tax and rates

The fastest debt to escalate, and the one with the most discounts nobody claims.

Council Tax Reduction

Your council in England, the Scottish Government in Scotland, the Welsh Government in Wales

Up to 100% off your council tax bill

Open all year.

Can you claim it?

  • You are on a low income or on benefits, whether you rent or own.
  • In England, whether you get anything and how much depends on the scheme your own council has written. There is no national rule for working age claimants.
  • In Scotland and Wales it is a national scheme, so the rules do not change when you cross a council boundary.
  • Pension age claimants in England are protected by national rules, so their treatment is broadly the same everywhere.

How to claim

Apply to your council. Every council has its own form.

Apply for Council Tax Reduction, gov.uk →

Worth knowing

  • In England there is no national maximum, no national income threshold and no national taper. Two identical households in neighbouring boroughs can get very different answers, and the only way to know is to read your own council's published scheme.
  • Most English councils now run a minimum payment, meaning everyone pays something however low their income.
  • This is the second most underclaimed thing in the country after Universal Credit, with roughly 2.6 million households estimated to be missing it.

This is changing. From 2027 to 2028 the government has confirmed that the window before your whole annual bill falls due extends to 63 days, enforcement costs on a liability order are capped at £100, and billing moves to 12 instalments by default. None of that is in force yet.

Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandYesNorthern IrelandWorks differently

Northern Ireland has no council tax. Rates relief and Rate Rebate do the same job there.

Checked against: Apply for Council Tax Reduction, gov.uk · Council tax information letter 1/2026

25%, 50% or the whole bill depending on who else lives there

Open all year, and it can be backdated.

Can you claim it?

  • A doctor certifies severe impairment of intelligence and social functioning that appears to be permanent. Dementia, a stroke, Parkinson's and a severe learning disability can all qualify.
  • And the person gets a qualifying benefit, which includes Attendance Allowance, the middle or higher rate care component of Disability Living Allowance, Personal Independence Payment at either daily living rate, income related Employment and Support Allowance, or Universal Credit with limited capability for work.
  • Both conditions have to be met. The certificate alone is not enough.

How to claim

Ask your council for its form. You will need the GP or consultant to sign part of it.

Who has to pay council tax, gov.uk →

Worth knowing

  • The person is disregarded, meaning ignored when the council counts adults. If they live alone, or only with others who also qualify, the result is no council tax at all rather than a discount.
  • There is no time limit in law on backdating it. Some councils have backdated to 1993. Others try to limit it to six years. It is worth pushing back if you are refused.
  • It is widely underclaimed, largely because families do not know it exists and nobody tells them.

What we could not verify. We could not find a credible official or charity estimate of how many households are missing this, so we are not publishing a number for it.

Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesWorks differentlyScotlandYesNorthern IrelandNo

Wales replaced this in April 2026 with a significant cognitive impairment discount, with its own definition and its own benefit list.

Checked against: Who has to pay, gov.uk · Council tax discounts, Alzheimer's Society · Significant cognitive impairment, Welsh Government form

One band lower or 17% off if you are already in band A

Open all year.

Can you claim it?

  • A disabled person, adult or child, has the property as their main home.
  • And the property has either an extra bathroom, kitchen or other room needed by that person, or extra space inside for using a wheelchair.
  • You do not have to be on any benefit for this one.

How to claim

Apply to your council. Expect them to want to visit or see evidence of the adaptation.

Council tax discounts for disabled people, gov.uk →

Worth knowing

  • It is about the property, not about the benefit you are on, which is why so many eligible households never think to ask.
  • In Scotland it reduces your water and waste water charges as well.
Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandYesNorthern IrelandWorks differently

Northern Ireland gives a flat 25% off rates instead through the Disabled Person's Allowance.

Checked against: Discounts for disabled people, gov.uk

25% or 50% off or the whole bill in an all student household

Open all year.

Can you claim it?

  • 25% off if you live alone, or if everyone else living there is disregarded.
  • 50% off if everyone in the household is disregarded.
  • People disregarded include: under 18s; 18 and 19 year olds in full time education; full time students; student nurses; apprentices on certain schemes; live in carers looking after somebody who is not their partner or child; people who are severely mentally impaired; and diplomats.
  • A household where everyone is a full time student pays nothing at all.

How to claim

Apply to your council. None of these are applied automatically, even where the council could work it out.

Who has to pay, gov.uk →

Worth knowing

  • You have to ask. Gov.uk says so plainly, and it is the reason people overpay for years.
  • A full time course means at least a year and at least 21 hours a week, or at least three months and 12 hours a week for under 20s studying up to A level.
  • Care leavers get a national exemption in Wales up to 25 and in Scotland up to 26. In England there is no national scheme and it is down to your own council, so ask anyway.
Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandYesNorthern IrelandNo

Checked against: Who has to pay, gov.uk · Discounts for full time students, gov.uk

Rates support in Northern Ireland

Land and Property Services and the Housing Executive

Varies Lone Pensioner Allowance is 20% off, Disabled Person's Allowance is 25% off

Open all year.

Can you claim it?

  • Housing Benefit and Rate Relief: for people on a low income, with savings and capital under £50,000. You cannot claim it if you get Universal Credit.
  • Rate Rebate: this is the route if you are on Universal Credit. You must claim it through an online Rate Rebate account.
  • Lone Pensioner Allowance: 20% off if you are 70 or over and live alone. Living with a carer, a dependant under 18 or a person with severe mental impairment still counts as living alone.
  • Disabled Person's Allowance: 25% off where a disabled person lives there and the property has been adapted, for example an extra bathroom or wheelchair access.

How to claim

Homeowners apply to Land and Property Services. Tenants apply through the Housing Executive. Rate Rebate has its own online account.

Help paying your rates, nidirect →

Worth knowing

  • Rate Rebate can only be backdated three months, so claim as soon as your Universal Credit is awarded.
  • Getting the wrong scheme is the most common mistake. Universal Credit means Rate Rebate, not Housing Benefit and Rate Relief.
Where it appliesEnglandNoWalesNoScotlandNoNorthern IrelandYes

Northern Ireland only. There is no council tax there.

Checked against: Rates, Housing Benefit and Rate Relief, nidirect · Rate Rebate scheme, nidirect · Lone Pensioner Allowance, nidirect · Disabled Person's Allowance, nidirect

Broadband and mobile

The most underclaimed thing on this page by a distance.

Broadband and mobile social tariffs

Broadband and mobile providers, listed by Ofcom

From £12 a month for broadband, and from £10 a month for mobile

Open all year. You can switch today.

Can you claim it?

  • You or somebody in your household claims Universal Credit. That alone qualifies you for any tariff on Ofcom's list.
  • All the major providers also accept Pension Credit, Employment and Support Allowance, Jobseeker's Allowance and Income Support.
  • The person receiving the benefit has to be the main name on the contract.

How to claim

Check Ofcom's list, find one available at your address, and ask that provider to move you. You do not have to wait for your contract to end.

Social tariffs, Ofcom →

Worth knowing

  • It costs nothing to leave your current deal to take one. Ofcom is explicit: you will not pay an exit fee to switch to a social tariff.
  • The price does not go up mid contract, so the annual April rise does not apply.
  • This is the single most underclaimed thing on this page. Ofcom put take up at under 9% of eligible households, and found 70% of eligible households had never heard of them.
  • Providers are not required to tell you these exist. Ofcom presses them to, but it is not a rule, so nobody may ever mention it to you.
Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandYesNorthern IrelandYes

The rules are the same everywhere. What differs is which providers serve your address.

Checked against: Social tariffs, Ofcom · Ofcom pricing and consumer engagement report, February 2026

NHS costs

Prescriptions, dentistry, glasses and getting to hospital.

Free prescriptions and help with NHS costs

NHS Business Services Authority

£9.90 an item in England. Free everywhere else in the United Kingdom.

The charge is frozen at £9.90 for 2026 to 2027.

Can you claim it?

  • Free automatically if you are under 16, aged 16 to 18 in full time education, or 60 or over.
  • Free on Pension Credit Guarantee Credit. Savings Credit on its own does not count.
  • Free on Universal Credit if your take home pay in the last assessment period was £435 or less, or £935 or less where your award includes a child element or you had limited capability for work.
  • Free with a medical exemption certificate for conditions including cancer, diabetes needing more than diet alone, epilepsy needing continuous treatment, an underactive thyroid, and a physical disability that stops you going out without help.
  • Free with a maternity exemption certificate if you are pregnant or have given birth in the last 12 months.
  • Free with an HC2 certificate from the NHS Low Income Scheme.

How to claim

Automatic exemptions need nothing. Medical and maternity certificates come through your GP, midwife or health visitor. The Low Income Scheme uses form HC1.

Free NHS prescriptions, NHSBSA →

Worth knowing

  • If you pay for more than about 11 items a year, a prepayment certificate is cheaper: £32.05 for three months or £114.50 for twelve, payable by instalments.
  • There is a separate HRT prepayment certificate at £19.80 covering a year of eligible items, which is the price of two prescriptions.
  • New Style Jobseeker's Allowance and New Style Employment and Support Allowance do not give free prescriptions.
  • Claiming an exemption you are not entitled to carries a penalty charge, so check rather than guess.
Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesNoScotlandNoNorthern IrelandNo

Prescriptions are free in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Only England charges, so this section is about England.

Checked against: Free NHS prescriptions, NHSBSA · Prescription charges frozen, gov.uk · Prescription prepayment certificate, NHSBSA

NHS Low Income Scheme

NHS Business Services Authority

Full or partial help with prescriptions, dentistry, sight tests, glasses and travel to hospital

Open all year.

Can you claim it?

  • You are on a low income but not on a qualifying benefit. If you already get one of those you have full help automatically and do not need to apply.
  • Savings and investments are £16,000 or less, or £23,250 if you live permanently in a care home, or £24,000 in Wales.
  • Property you do not live in, ISAs, Premium Bonds and cryptoassets all count as capital.

How to claim

Fill in form HC1 with proof of income, savings and housing costs. You cannot apply online if you have over £6,000 in savings, or from Northern Ireland.

NHS Low Income Scheme →

Worth knowing

  • HC2 is full help. HC3 is partial and tells you how much you still pay towards each thing.
  • It covers travel costs to hospital appointments, which people rarely realise and which can be the biggest cost of all.
  • Certificates last between six months and five years depending on your circumstances.
Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandYesNorthern IrelandYes

Northern Ireland runs HC2 and HC3 too, though certificates there last 12 months rather than up to five years.

Checked against: NHS Low Income Scheme

Childcare

Worth more than most benefits, and easy to claim the wrong one.

Funded childcare hours

Department for Education and your local authority

Up to 30 hours a week for 38 weeks of the year in England

Fully rolled out. 2026 to 2027 is the first complete year.

Can you claim it?

  • England, working parents: 30 hours a week for 38 weeks, for children from 9 months to 4 years. Each parent must expect to earn at least £2,643.68 over three months if 21 or over, £2,256.80 if 18 to 20, or £1,664 if under 18 or an apprentice.
  • Neither parent may expect adjusted net income over £100,000.
  • England, everyone: 15 hours a week for 38 weeks for every 3 and 4 year old, with no work test at all, from the term after their third birthday.
  • England, 2 year olds: 15 hours a week if you get Universal Credit with household income of £15,400 a year or less after tax, or Income Support, income based Jobseeker's Allowance, income related Employment and Support Allowance or Pension Credit Guarantee Credit. Also if the child has an Education, Health and Care plan, gets Disability Living Allowance, or is looked after by a council.

How to claim

Apply through the government childcare service, now at Best Start in Life. You get a code to give your provider.

Free childcare if you are working, gov.uk →

Worth knowing

  • In a couple each parent has to meet the earnings floor independently.
  • Funding does not cover meals, nappies, trips or extra hours, and providers can charge separately for all of them.
  • The 15 hours for 2 year olds on benefits is separate from the working parent offer and is missed constantly.
  • Childcare Choices has been replaced by Best Start in Life, so old links may not work.

What we could not verify. We could not confirm the hours per week for the Wales Childcare Offer from a Welsh Government page, so we are not stating a figure for Wales.

Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesWorks differentlyScotlandWorks differentlyNorthern IrelandWorks differently

Every nation does this differently. Scotland gives 1,140 hours a year with no work test. Wales runs a Childcare Offer for 3 and 4 year olds with a work test. Northern Ireland runs funded pre school education, which it is careful to say is not childcare.

Checked against: Free childcare if you are working, gov.uk · 15 hours for 2 year olds, gov.uk · Funded early learning and childcare, mygov.scot

Tax Free Childcare and the Universal Credit childcare element

HMRC and the Department for Work and Pensions

Up to £2,000 or £1,836 a month depending which one you use

Open all year.

Can you claim it?

  • Tax Free Childcare: for every £8 you pay in, the government adds £2, up to £500 every three months per child, so £2,000 a year. That doubles to £4,000 a year for a disabled child.
  • Children qualify up to 11, or 16 if disabled.
  • Universal Credit childcare element: covers up to 85% of your childcare costs if you are working, to a maximum of £1,071.09 a month for one child or £1,836.16 for two or more.

How to claim

Tax Free Childcare is an online account with HMRC. The Universal Credit element is claimed through your Universal Credit account, and you usually have to pay first and claim back.

Tax Free Childcare, gov.uk →

Worth knowing

  • You cannot have Tax Free Childcare and Universal Credit at the same time. Opening a Tax Free Childcare account stops your Universal Credit, so work out which is worth more first.
  • Money must go to a registered provider, which includes childminders, nurseries, nannies, after school clubs and holiday schemes.
  • In Northern Ireland the Childcare Subsidy Scheme adds 15% off for eligible working parents, but only if you claim Tax Free Childcare, and Universal Credit claimants are excluded.
Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandYesNorthern IrelandYes

Checked against: Tax Free Childcare, gov.uk · Universal Credit, what you will get, gov.uk · Help paying for approved childcare, nidirect

TV licence

Three concessions, and a payment plan if you are behind.

Free, £90 or £7.50 against a standard fee of £180

Open all year.

Can you claim it?

  • Free: you are 75 or over AND you or your partner at the same address get Pension Credit. Age alone is not enough, and this is the part people get wrong.
  • Half price, £90: you are blind or severely sight impaired. You will need proof of registration.
  • £7.50: you live in a residential care home, supported housing or sheltered accommodation.
  • You can apply for the free licence at 74 so it starts the day you turn 75.

How to claim

Apply to TV Licensing directly.

Reduced fee licences, TV Licensing →

Worth knowing

  • If you are struggling to pay, the Simple Payment Plan spreads the fee fortnightly or monthly, and a missed payment is spread across the rest of the year rather than doubling up next time. Miss three months in a row and you come off it.
  • You can get a refund if you have at least one whole month left and will not need the licence. Blind concession holders can claim a refund for any length of time left.
Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandYesNorthern IrelandYes

Checked against: Reduced fee licences, TV Licensing · TV licence fee 2026 to 2027, gov.uk · Simple Payment Plan, TV Licensing

Getting about

Rail and bus, and it differs sharply between the four nations.

Cheaper travel

Rail Delivery Group, Jobcentre Plus and the four nations' transport bodies

A third to a half off rail, and free bus travel for some groups

Open all year.

Can you claim it?

  • Disabled Persons Railcard: a third off for you and one adult companion travelling with you, any time. £20 for a year or £54 for three.
  • Jobcentre Plus Travel Discount Card: half off selected rail fares. For people on Jobseeker's Allowance or Universal Credit, for 3 to 9 months if you are 18 to 24, or 3 to 12 months if over 25. Ask your work coach.
  • 16 to 17 Saver: half price on almost everything including season tickets, £35 a year.
  • Free bus travel: from State Pension age in England, from 60 in Scotland and Wales, from 60 in Northern Ireland. Scotland also gives free bus travel to everyone under 22.

How to claim

Railcards are bought online. The Jobcentre Plus card is issued by your work coach rather than bought. Bus passes come from your council or transport body.

Concessionary travel, National Rail →

Worth knowing

  • The companion on a Disabled Persons Railcard also gets a third off, which effectively halves the cost of travelling with someone.
  • In England a disabled person's bus pass is generally only valid from 9.30am on weekdays until April 2027.
  • A 16 to 17 Saver bought from 17 August 2026 runs a full year even if you turn 18 during it. Bought before that date, it stopped at your birthday.
  • Jobcentre Plus can also cover travel to interviews and training from the Flexible Support Fund, which is separate and worth asking about.

This is changing. From 1 April 2027 the time restrictions on disabled person bus passes in England are being removed, giving free travel all day every day. Until then the 9.30am weekday restriction still applies unless your council has already lifted it.

Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandYesNorthern IrelandYes

Bus travel differs sharply. England uses State Pension age, Scotland and Wales use 60, Northern Ireland uses 60 and adds all Ireland travel at 65.

Checked against: Disabled Persons Railcard · Concessionary travel, National Rail · Free bus travel to become 24/7, gov.uk · Concessionary travel, Transport Scotland · Free and concessionary travel, nidirect

If you are already behind

What stops it getting worse, and what a supplier is not allowed to do to you.

Breathing Space

The Insolvency Service, applied for by a debt adviser

60 days of protection or as long as mental health crisis treatment lasts, plus 30 days

Open all year.

Can you claim it?

  • You have debts you cannot pay.
  • You do not already have a Debt Relief Order, an Individual Voluntary Arrangement or an interim order, and you are not an undischarged bankrupt.
  • You have not had a standard breathing space in the last 12 months. That restriction does not apply to the mental health crisis route.

How to claim

You cannot apply yourself. A debt adviser applies for you, and you can find a free one through MoneyHelper. For the mental health route an approved mental health professional certifies it, and a carer or advocate can start it off.

Breathing Space, gov.uk →

Worth knowing

  • It covers energy arrears and council tax arrears, which are the two that escalate fastest.
  • It freezes interest, charges and enforcement, and stops creditors contacting you about enforcement. It does not write anything off.
  • You must keep paying ongoing bills during it. It is not a payment holiday.
  • Court fines, child maintenance, student loans and Universal Credit advances are not covered.
Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandWorks differentlyNorthern IrelandNo

Scotland has a six month statutory moratorium instead. Northern Ireland has nothing equivalent yet.

Checked against: Breathing Space, gov.uk · Debt Respite Scheme guidance, gov.uk · Apply for a moratorium, mygov.scot

Debt Relief Order

The Insolvency Service, applied for through an approved debt adviser

Debts written off after 12 months and it costs nothing to apply

Open all year.

Can you claim it?

  • Your debts total less than £50,000.
  • Your assets are worth less than £2,000, and any vehicle is worth less than £4,000.
  • You have less than £75 a month left after essential living costs.
  • You have lived or worked in England or Wales in the last three years.

How to claim

Through an approved debt adviser. You cannot apply directly. Find one free through MoneyHelper.

Debt Relief Orders, gov.uk →

Worth knowing

  • The £90 fee was abolished on 6 April 2024. If a site tells you there is a fee, it is out of date.
  • It lasts 12 months, after which the debts covered are written off.
  • It affects your credit file, so take advice on whether it is the right route rather than assuming.

What we could not verify. Northern Ireland sets its own debt, asset and vehicle limits and does not publish them on nidirect, so we are not repeating the England and Wales figures for Northern Ireland.

Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandNoNorthern IrelandWorks differently

Scotland has different debt solutions. Northern Ireland has Debt Relief Orders but sets its own limits.

Checked against: Debt Relief Orders, gov.uk · Insolvency Service review, July 2026

Free debt advice

Charities and government funded services

Free and it is the route into several things on this page

Open all year.

Can you claim it?

  • Anybody can use it. There is no income test and no eligibility to fail.
  • You do not have to be in crisis. Being worried is reason enough.

How to claim

National Debtline on 0808 808 4000, StepChange on 0800 138 1111, or Citizens Advice on 0800 144 8848 in England, 0800 702 2020 in Wales, 0800 028 1456 in Scotland. Advice NI covers Northern Ireland. MoneyHelper, which is government backed, has a locator for face to face help near you.

Get help with debt, gov.uk →

Worth knowing

  • Several things on this page need it first. Breathing Space and a Debt Relief Order can only be applied for by an adviser, and the British Gas Energy Trust and EDF funds require advice before you apply.
  • Gov.uk's own list mixes charities with commercial firms funded by creditor contributions. National Debtline, StepChange, Citizens Advice and Community Money Advice are charities. The advice is free either way, but it is worth knowing the difference.
  • Never pay anyone for debt advice. Everything a fee charging firm can do, one of these can do for nothing.
Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandYesNorthern IrelandYes

Checked against: Get help with debt, gov.uk · Debt advice locator, MoneyHelper

What your energy supplier cannot do to you

Ofgem, through the supply licence

Protection, not money rules your supplier has to follow

In force now.

Can you claim it?

  • A prepayment meter must never be forced on you if somebody needs a continuous supply for health reasons, if somebody is 75 or over with no other support in the household, or if there are children under 2.
  • Nor if nobody in the household is physically or mentally able to top the meter up.
  • Extra assessment is required first where there are children under 5, serious medical conditions, serious mental health conditions, or temporary circumstances like pregnancy or bereavement.
  • Before any forced installation your supplier must make at least ten attempts to contact you, visit to check for vulnerability, wear a body worn camera, and leave £30 of credit on each meter.

How to claim

If a supplier is pushing you towards a prepayment meter and any of this applies, say so in writing and join the Priority Services Register. If they proceed anyway, complain, then take it to the Energy Ombudsman.

Prepayment meters, Ofgem guidance →

Worth knowing

  • Prepayment must be a last resort, only after the supplier has genuinely tried to agree a payment arrangement.
  • Suppliers must set repayment rates based on what you can actually afford, not on what clears the debt fastest.
  • The same protections apply to a smart meter being switched to prepayment mode remotely, which is easy to miss because nobody comes to the door.

What we could not verify. There is a long standing rule preventing disconnection of pension age households over the winter. We could not extract the exact licence wording from Ofgem to state the precise dates, so we describe the protection without quoting a date range.

Where it appliesEnglandYesWalesYesScotlandYesNorthern IrelandWorks differently

Northern Ireland's energy market is regulated by the Utility Regulator rather than Ofgem, so these specific rules do not apply there.

Checked against: Prepayment meters consumer guidance, Ofgem · Involuntary prepayment meter code of practice, Ofgem

Where this comes from, and where it could be wrong

Checked77 sources

Every figure was checked against a government, regulator or scheme operator page on 27 Aug 26. Each scheme lists the pages it was checked against, so you can go and look.

Left blank on purpose9 schemes

Where a figure could not be verified it is missing and the scheme says so. A blank is better than a number somebody made up, and this is the part most sites leave out.

About to change4 schemes

Rules that are confirmed but not yet in force are flagged on the scheme itself, so you do not act on something that starts next April.

What this page is not

It is a reference, not advice, and it is not an application. We do not pass your details to anybody, we take no commission on anything here, and there is no form on this page. Rules change, councils differ, and the only body that can tell you your own entitlement is the one that runs the scheme.

If you are behind on a bill and worried, free debt advice is the fastest thing you can do, and several of the schemes above will not even take an application without it. National Debtline is 0808 808 4000, StepChange is 0800 138 1111, and Citizens Advice is 0800 144 8848 in England.

30 price changes logged. Every one had a date you could have known in advance.

Tell us which bills you care about and we will email you when one of them changes, with the figure, the date it starts and a link to the regulator that set it. Free, no account, one click to stop.

Email alerts are not running yet. We would rather say that than take your address and send you nothing. Until they are, the change log carries every dated change the day we find it, and you can bookmark it or follow it in a reader.

Everything, freeAll ten trackers, no account
Ranked on costNever on what a link pays us
SourcedEvery figure links to the body that set it