{
  "dataset": "trade.corridors",
  "generated": "2026-08-27T16:34:00.136Z",
  "licence": {
    "compilation": "CC BY 4.0",
    "compilation_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "attribution": "Tariff Tracker, tarifftracker.io, published by PEF Consulting Partners Limited",
    "underlying": "The figures themselves belong to the bodies named in each dataset's sources. Most are Crown copyright under the Open Government Licence v3. Supplier tariff rates belong to the suppliers who publish them. Check the source terms before you rely on any of it commercially.",
    "corrections": "If a figure here is wrong, say so and we will correct it and record that we did."
  },
  "docs": "https://tarifftracker.io/api/",
  "fields": "https://tarifftracker.io/api/v1/dictionary",
  "as_of": "2026-08-26",
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "USTR, Section 301 forced labour fact sheet",
      "url": "https://ustr.gov/about/policy-offices/press-office/fact-sheets/2026/july/fact-sheet-ustr-section-301-action-response-failure-60-economies-ban-imports-produced-forced-labor"
    },
    {
      "name": "Federal Register, Section 122 import surcharge",
      "url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/02/25/2026-03824/imposing-a-temporary-import-surcharge-to-address-fundamental-international-payments-problems"
    },
    {
      "name": "Federal Register, timber and lumber amendment",
      "url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/01/09/2026-00327/amendments-to-adjusting-imports-of-timber-lumber-and-their-derivative-products-into-the-united"
    },
    {
      "name": "Federal Register, indefinite de minimis suspension",
      "url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/06/24/2026-12670/indefinite-suspension-of-the-de-minimis-exemption-for-merchandise-arriving-through-all-modes-other"
    },
    {
      "name": "White House, pharmaceuticals proclamation",
      "url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/04/adjusting-imports-of-pharmaceuticals-and-pharmaceutical-ingredients-into-the-united-states/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Troutman Pepper, three day suspension of the Section 338 duties",
      "url": "https://www.troutman.com/insights/three-day-suspension-of-section-338-additional-duties-on-canadian-imports/"
    },
    {
      "name": "White & Case, first use of Section 338",
      "url": "https://www.whitecase.com/insight-alert/trump-administration-imposes-50-tariffs-certain-canadian-products-first-use-section"
    },
    {
      "name": "Skadden, trade court strikes down Section 122",
      "url": "https://www.skadden.com/insights/publications/2026/05/us-trade-court-strikes-down-section-122-tariffs"
    },
    {
      "name": "K&L Gates, Supreme Court decision on the IEEPA tariffs",
      "url": "https://www.klgates.com/Summary-Supreme-Court-Decision-on-IEEPA-Tariffs-2-20-2026"
    },
    {
      "name": "Canada, Department of Finance countermeasures",
      "url": "https://www.canada.ca/en/department-finance/news/2026/08/canada-announces-targeted-countermeasures-and-substantive-support-for-workers-and-businesses-in-response-to-us-tariffs.html"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yale Budget Lab, state of US tariffs",
      "url": "https://budgetlab.yale.edu/research/state-us-tariffs-scotus-ruling-update"
    },
    {
      "name": "Penn Wharton Budget Model, effective tariff rates",
      "url": "https://budgetmodel.wharton.upenn.edu/p/2026-08-10-effective-tariff-rates-and-revenues-updated-august-10-2026/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Crowell, pharmaceutical tiered rate structure",
      "url": "https://www.crowell.com/en/insights/client-alerts/trump-administration-imposes-section-232-tariffs-on-patented-pharmaceutical-imports-tiered-rate-structure-takes-effect-beginning-july-31-2026"
    },
    {
      "name": "White & Case, narrowly targeted semiconductor tariff",
      "url": "https://www.whitecase.com/insight-alert/president-trump-orders-narrowly-targeted-25-section-232-tariff-certain-advanced"
    }
  ],
  "caveats": [
    "inbound is duty charged on goods entering the United States. outbound is duty the other country charges on United States goods. A headline rate is the highest layer, not an average, and most trade moves at a lower one.",
    "Rates are the legal position on the date shown. Suspensions, quotas and exemptions change them constantly, and the layers carry their own dates for that reason.",
    "This is a reference, not customs advice. Classification decides the duty and classification is specific to the goods."
  ],
  "count": 29,
  "rows": [
    {
      "slug": "canada",
      "name": "Canada",
      "code": "CA",
      "region": "Americas",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 50,
      "inbound_label": "Up to 50%",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "338",
          "rate": "50%",
          "scope": "Dairy, motor vehicles, alcoholic beverages, wood, paper and hockey equipment. 554 subheadings, about $20bn of annual imports.",
          "from": "2026-08-22",
          "note": "Qualifying under USMCA does not exempt goods from this duty. The proclamations set 19 August, then a proclamation of 18 August suspended them for three days to 22 August 2026.",
          "fromShort": "22 Aug 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "10%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Lower band because Canada operates a forced labour import prohibition.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "note": "USMCA originating goods are exempt from this layer.",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "50%",
          "scope": "Steel, aluminium and copper.",
          "from": "2025-06-04",
          "fromShort": "4 Jun 25"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "0% to 25%",
          "scope": "Passenger vehicles and parts. USMCA qualifying vehicles are effectively duty free on their US content.",
          "from": "2025-04-03",
          "fromShort": "3 Apr 25"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 50,
      "outbound_label": "15% to 50%",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "CA",
          "rate": "50%",
          "scope": "Steel, aluminium, furniture and clothing.",
          "from": "2026-09-08",
          "fromShort": "8 Sep 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "CA",
          "rate": "25%",
          "scope": "Cheese, appliances and some seafood.",
          "from": "2026-09-08",
          "fromShort": "8 Sep 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "CA",
          "rate": "15%",
          "scope": "Electronics and tools.",
          "from": "2026-09-08",
          "fromShort": "8 Sep 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "The most exposed corridor in the world right now. The United States became the first administration ever to use Section 338, and Canada answered within a week.",
      "notes": [
        "Canada's counter measure covers roughly 700 products worth about $20bn, close to 4.5% of its imports from the United States.",
        "Ottawa paired it with a C$7.5bn support package including interest free loans of C$2.5m to C$5m with 36 month repayment deferral.",
        "Energy and potash sit outside the Section 338 scope.",
        "Canada’s counter measure is worth C$27.6bn, about US$20bn, which is a separate figure from the roughly US$20bn of Canadian goods caught by Section 338. The two numbers are close by coincidence."
      ],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/canada/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "china",
      "name": "China",
      "code": "CN",
      "region": "Asia Pacific",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 37.5,
      "inbound_label": "37.5% Section 301 aggregate",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "25%",
          "scope": "Original Section 301 tariff on Chinese goods.",
          "from": "2018-07-06",
          "fromShort": "6 Jul 18"
        },
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "12.5%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, stacked on the original.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "note": "37.5% aggregate applies to List 1 to 3 goods. List 4A goods carry 7.5% plus 12.5%, so 20%. Check which list your commodity code sits on.",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "50%",
          "scope": "Steel, aluminium and copper.",
          "from": "2025-06-04",
          "fromShort": "4 Jun 25"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "25%",
          "scope": "Advanced semiconductors.",
          "from": "2026-01-15",
          "fromShort": "15 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 10,
      "outbound_label": "10%",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "CN",
          "rate": "10%",
          "scope": "Retaliatory tariff on United States goods.",
          "from": "2025-03-04",
          "note": "Held at this level through 10 November 2026 under the United States and China agreement.",
          "fromShort": "4 Mar 25"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "The heaviest cumulative duty burden of any origin, and the quietest corridor politically. The truce holds to 10 November 2026.",
      "notes": [
        "The effective rate on Chinese origin goods, once MFN and Section 232 are counted, has been estimated at about 31.6%.",
        "The 10% Chinese retaliatory rate was negotiated around IEEPA tariffs the Supreme Court voided on 20 February 2026. The rate is in place, but the legal basis for the United States side of that bargain has been removed."
      ],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/china/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "european-union",
      "name": "European Union",
      "code": "EU",
      "region": "Europe",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 10,
      "inbound_label": "10% net of MFN",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "to 10%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff charged only to the extent existing tariffs fall short of 10%. Goods already at or above 10% pay no additional duty.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "50%",
          "scope": "Steel, aluminium and copper.",
          "from": "2025-06-04",
          "fromShort": "4 Jun 25"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "15%",
          "scope": "Passenger vehicles. Negotiated rate, not the 25% general rate.",
          "from": "2025-04-03",
          "fromShort": "3 Apr 25"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "15%",
          "scope": "Patented pharmaceuticals. Negotiated ceiling of 15%, not the 100% general rate.",
          "from": "2026-07-31",
          "fromShort": "31 Jul 26"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN, no blanket retaliation in force",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "EU",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "Common customs tariff applies. Announced counter measures remain suspended pending negotiation.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Treated as a single origin. The forced labour tariff is charged net of existing duty, so well protected lines pay nothing extra and low duty lines carry the whole 10%.",
      "notes": [
        "The net of MFN mechanism means the effective additional burden varies line by line. Check the specific HS code rather than assuming a flat 10%."
      ],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/european-union/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "united-kingdom",
      "name": "United Kingdom",
      "code": "GB",
      "region": "Europe",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 10,
      "inbound_label": "10%, pharmaceuticals free",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "10%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Lower band, the United Kingdom operates a forced labour import prohibition.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "25%",
          "scope": "Steel and aluminium. The United Kingdom is the sole origin at 25% rather than 50%.",
          "from": "2025-06-04",
          "fromShort": "4 Jun 25"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "10%",
          "scope": "Passenger vehicles and parts, under a 100,000 vehicle annual quota. Executive order of 16 June 2025.",
          "from": "2025-04-03",
          "fromShort": "3 Apr 25"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "0%",
          "scope": "Patented pharmaceuticals. The United Kingdom is tariff free for a minimum of three years.",
          "from": "2026-04-02",
          "note": "Agreed 1 December 2025, formally published 2 April 2026.",
          "fromShort": "2 Apr 26"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "UK Global Tariff, no retaliation",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "GB",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "UK Global Tariff applies. No retaliatory measures against United States goods.",
          "from": "2021-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 21"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "The best treated large economy in the schedule. Lower band on forced labour, and the only origin with a discounted steel rate.",
      "notes": [
        "The £135 low value import relief is being withdrawn, removing the duty free route for small parcels into the United Kingdom.",
        "The UK Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism starts in January 2027 and will add a carbon price at the border on aluminium, cement, fertiliser, hydrogen, iron and steel."
      ],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/united-kingdom/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "mexico",
      "name": "Mexico",
      "code": "MX",
      "region": "Americas",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 10,
      "inbound_label": "0% USMCA, 10% otherwise",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "10%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. USMCA originating goods are exempt.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "50%",
          "scope": "Steel, aluminium and copper. Applies regardless of USMCA origin.",
          "from": "2025-06-04",
          "fromShort": "4 Jun 25"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "0% to 25%",
          "scope": "Passenger vehicles and parts. USMCA qualifying vehicles are effectively duty free on their US content.",
          "from": "2025-04-03",
          "fromShort": "3 Apr 25"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "USMCA preference",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "MX",
          "rate": "0%",
          "scope": "USMCA preferential treatment on qualifying United States goods.",
          "from": "2020-07-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jul 20"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "USMCA still does most of the work. Qualifying goods clear at zero, non qualifying goods pick up the forced labour layer.",
      "notes": [
        "Origin documentation is now worth real money. The gap between USMCA qualifying and non qualifying is the whole duty."
      ],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/mexico/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "japan",
      "name": "Japan",
      "code": "JP",
      "region": "Asia Pacific",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 12.5,
      "inbound_label": "12.5% combined",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "to 12.5%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff charged so that combined rates reach 12.5%.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "50%",
          "scope": "Steel, aluminium and copper.",
          "from": "2025-06-04",
          "fromShort": "4 Jun 25"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "15%",
          "scope": "Passenger vehicles. Negotiated rate, not the 25% general rate.",
          "from": "2025-04-03",
          "fromShort": "3 Apr 25"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "25%",
          "scope": "Advanced semiconductors.",
          "from": "2026-01-15",
          "fromShort": "15 Jan 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "15%",
          "scope": "Patented pharmaceuticals. Negotiated ceiling, not the 100% general rate.",
          "from": "2026-07-31",
          "fromShort": "31 Jul 26"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "JP",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Upper band on the forced labour tariff, charged to reach a 12.5% combined rate rather than added on top.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/japan/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "south-korea",
      "name": "South Korea",
      "code": "KR",
      "region": "Asia Pacific",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 12.5,
      "inbound_label": "12.5% combined",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "to 12.5%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff charged so that combined rates reach 12.5%.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "15%",
          "scope": "Passenger vehicles. Negotiated rate, not the 25% general rate.",
          "from": "2025-04-03",
          "fromShort": "3 Apr 25"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "50%",
          "scope": "Steel, aluminium and copper.",
          "from": "2025-06-04",
          "fromShort": "4 Jun 25"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "25%",
          "scope": "Advanced semiconductors.",
          "from": "2026-01-15",
          "fromShort": "15 Jan 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "15%",
          "scope": "Patented pharmaceuticals. Negotiated ceiling, not the 100% general rate.",
          "from": "2026-07-31",
          "fromShort": "31 Jul 26"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "KORUS preference",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "KR",
          "rate": "0%",
          "scope": "KORUS preferential treatment on qualifying United States goods.",
          "from": "2012-03-15",
          "fromShort": "15 Mar 12"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "KORUS still zero rates qualifying goods, but the forced labour tariff sits above the agreement at the upper band.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/south-korea/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "india",
      "name": "India",
      "code": "IN",
      "region": "Asia Pacific",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 25,
      "inbound_label": "Up to 35%",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "10%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Lower band.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "25%",
          "scope": "Country specific measure on all goods.",
          "from": "2025-09-17",
          "fromShort": "17 Sep 25"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "50%",
          "scope": "Steel, aluminium and copper.",
          "from": "2025-06-04",
          "fromShort": "4 Jun 25"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "IN",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No blanket retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Lower band on forced labour, but carrying a separate 25% country measure from September 2025 that has not been lifted.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/india/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "brazil",
      "name": "Brazil",
      "code": "BR",
      "region": "Americas",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 37.5,
      "inbound_label": "Up to 37.5%",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "25%",
          "scope": "Separate country investigation. A large exemption list is set out in the Federal Register notice annexes.",
          "from": "2026-07-22",
          "note": "Roughly 1,200 proposed exemptions plus about 430 aircraft carve outs, nearly all retained in the final action. Check the annexes rather than relying on a round number.",
          "fromShort": "22 Jul 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "12.5%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Upper band.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "50%",
          "scope": "Steel, aluminium and copper.",
          "from": "2025-06-04",
          "fromShort": "4 Jun 25"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "BR",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No blanket retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Two separate Section 301 actions stacking to 37.5%, softened by an unusually large exemption list.",
      "notes": [
        "Check the Federal Register annexes first. A large share of subheadings escape the 25% layer entirely."
      ],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/brazil/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "vietnam",
      "name": "Vietnam",
      "code": "VN",
      "region": "Asia Pacific",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 12.5,
      "inbound_label": "12.5%",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "12.5%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Upper band.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "50%",
          "scope": "Steel, aluminium and copper.",
          "from": "2025-06-04",
          "fromShort": "4 Jun 25"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "25%",
          "scope": "Wood furniture.",
          "from": "2025-10-14",
          "fromShort": "14 Oct 25"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "VN",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Upper band on forced labour, and the main beneficiary of China diversion now carrying its own duty load.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/vietnam/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "switzerland",
      "name": "Switzerland",
      "code": "CH",
      "region": "Europe",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 12.5,
      "inbound_label": "12.5% combined",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "to 12.5%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff charged so that combined rates reach 12.5%.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "15%",
          "scope": "Patented pharmaceuticals. Negotiated ceiling of 15%, not the 100% general rate. Still the dominant exposure on this corridor by value.",
          "from": "2026-07-31",
          "fromShort": "31 Jul 26"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "CH",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Upper band on the forced labour tariff, charged to a 12.5% combined rate. Pharmaceuticals are capped at 15% by negotiation rather than the 100% general rate, which is the single most valuable line in this corridor.",
      "notes": [
        "Pharmaceuticals are excluded from the Section 301 forced labour tariff but caught squarely by Section 232."
      ],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/switzerland/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "taiwan",
      "name": "Taiwan",
      "code": "TW",
      "region": "Asia Pacific",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 10,
      "inbound_label": "10% net of MFN",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "to 10%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff charged only to the extent existing tariffs fall short of 10%.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "25%",
          "scope": "Advanced semiconductors. High performance chips only.",
          "from": "2026-01-15",
          "fromShort": "15 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "TW",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Net of MFN treatment on forced labour, but the semiconductor measure is the number that matters here.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/taiwan/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "turkey",
      "name": "Turkey",
      "code": "TR",
      "region": "Europe",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 12.5,
      "inbound_label": "12.5%",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "12.5%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Upper band.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "50%",
          "scope": "Steel, aluminium and copper.",
          "from": "2025-06-04",
          "fromShort": "4 Jun 25"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "TR",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Upper band, additive, with heavy steel exposure.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/turkey/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "indonesia",
      "name": "Indonesia",
      "code": "ID",
      "region": "Asia Pacific",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 10,
      "inbound_label": "10%",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "10%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Lower band.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "25%",
          "scope": "Wood furniture.",
          "from": "2025-10-14",
          "fromShort": "14 Oct 25"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "ID",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Lower band on forced labour, reflecting a partial forced labour regime.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/indonesia/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "malaysia",
      "name": "Malaysia",
      "code": "MY",
      "region": "Asia Pacific",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 10,
      "inbound_label": "10%",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "10%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Lower band.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "25%",
          "scope": "Advanced semiconductors.",
          "from": "2026-01-15",
          "fromShort": "15 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "MY",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Lower band, with semiconductor exposure the line to watch.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/malaysia/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "thailand",
      "name": "Thailand",
      "code": "TH",
      "region": "Asia Pacific",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 12.5,
      "inbound_label": "12.5%",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "12.5%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Upper band.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "25%",
          "scope": "Wood furniture.",
          "from": "2025-10-14",
          "fromShort": "14 Oct 25"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "TH",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Upper band, additive.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/thailand/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "bangladesh",
      "name": "Bangladesh",
      "code": "BD",
      "region": "Asia Pacific",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 10,
      "inbound_label": "10%",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "10%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Lower band.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "BD",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Lower band. Apparel is the corridor, and apparel is not exempt.",
      "notes": [
        "MFN duty on apparel is already high, so the additive 10% lands on top of an expensive baseline."
      ],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/bangladesh/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "cambodia",
      "name": "Cambodia",
      "code": "KH",
      "region": "Asia Pacific",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 10,
      "inbound_label": "10%",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "10%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Lower band.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "KH",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Lower band, additive.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/cambodia/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "pakistan",
      "name": "Pakistan",
      "code": "PK",
      "region": "Asia Pacific",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 10,
      "inbound_label": "10%",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "10%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Lower band.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "PK",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Lower band, additive.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/pakistan/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "sri-lanka",
      "name": "Sri Lanka",
      "code": "LK",
      "region": "Asia Pacific",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 10,
      "inbound_label": "10%",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "10%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Lower band.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "LK",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Lower band, additive.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/sri-lanka/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "argentina",
      "name": "Argentina",
      "code": "AR",
      "region": "Americas",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 10,
      "inbound_label": "10%",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "10%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Lower band.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "50%",
          "scope": "Steel, aluminium and copper.",
          "from": "2025-06-04",
          "fromShort": "4 Jun 25"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "AR",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Lower band, additive.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/argentina/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "colombia",
      "name": "Colombia",
      "code": "CO",
      "region": "Americas",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 12.5,
      "inbound_label": "12.5%",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "12.5%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Upper band.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "CO",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Upper band, additive.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/colombia/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "chile",
      "name": "Chile",
      "code": "CL",
      "region": "Americas",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 12.5,
      "inbound_label": "12.5%",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "12.5%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Upper band.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "50%",
          "scope": "Semi finished copper. Raw and refined copper currently outside scope.",
          "from": "2025-08-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Aug 25"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "CL",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Upper band, additive. Copper is the exposure that matters.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/chile/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "israel",
      "name": "Israel",
      "code": "IL",
      "region": "Middle East",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 12.5,
      "inbound_label": "12.5%",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "12.5%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Upper band.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "IL",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Upper band, additive.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/israel/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "saudi-arabia",
      "name": "Saudi Arabia",
      "code": "SA",
      "region": "Middle East",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 12.5,
      "inbound_label": "12.5%",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "12.5%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Upper band.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "SA",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Upper band, additive.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/saudi-arabia/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "nigeria",
      "name": "Nigeria",
      "code": "NG",
      "region": "Africa",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 12.5,
      "inbound_label": "12.5%",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "12.5%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Upper band.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "NG",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Upper band, additive.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/nigeria/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "egypt",
      "name": "Egypt",
      "code": "EG",
      "region": "Africa",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 12.5,
      "inbound_label": "12.5%",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "12.5%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Upper band.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "MFN",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "EG",
          "rate": "MFN",
          "scope": "No retaliatory measures in force.",
          "from": "2026-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 26"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Upper band, additive.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/egypt/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "russia",
      "name": "Russia",
      "code": "RU",
      "region": "Europe",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 12.5,
      "inbound_label": "12.5% plus sanctions regime",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "301",
          "rate": "12.5%",
          "scope": "Forced labour tariff, additive. Upper band.",
          "from": "2026-07-24",
          "fromShort": "24 Jul 26"
        },
        {
          "authority": "PNTR",
          "rate": "Column 2",
          "scope": "Permanent normal trade relations suspended since 2022. Most imports restricted or prohibited.",
          "from": "2022-04-08",
          "fromShort": "8 Apr 22"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "Restricted",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "RU",
          "rate": "n/a",
          "scope": "Trade largely restricted in both directions.",
          "from": "2022-04-08",
          "fromShort": "8 Apr 22"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Upper band on paper. In practice sanctions and the suspension of permanent normal trade relations do the work.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/russia/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "australia",
      "name": "Australia",
      "code": "AU",
      "region": "Asia Pacific",
      "inbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "inbound_label": "0% AUSFTA, Section 232 applies",
      "inbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "232",
          "rate": "50%",
          "scope": "Steel, aluminium and copper. Applies regardless of AUSFTA origin.",
          "from": "2025-06-04",
          "fromShort": "4 Jun 25"
        }
      ],
      "outbound_headline_pct": 0,
      "outbound_label": "AUSFTA preference",
      "outbound_layers": [
        {
          "authority": "AU",
          "rate": "0%",
          "scope": "AUSFTA preferential treatment on qualifying United States goods.",
          "from": "2005-01-01",
          "fromShort": "1 Jan 05"
        }
      ],
      "summary": "Outside the forced labour investigation. AUSFTA still zero rates qualifying goods.",
      "notes": [],
      "page": "https://tarifftracker.io/trade/australia/"
    }
  ]
}